This course provides an opportunity to build proficiency and experience in ongoing theoretical and empirical research in any field of linguistics. Supervision of the work is arranged by mutual agreement between student and instructor. For any additional requirements, please speak with your intended faculty supervisor. Students must download the Supervised Study Form, that is to be completed with the intended faculty supervisor, along with an agreed-upon outline of work to be performed., The form must then be signed by the student and the intended supervisor and submitted to the Program Coordinator by email or in person.

Note: This course does not satisfy any Linguistics program requirements.

Independent study and research in an area of interest to the student. Students must obtain consent from a supervising instructor before registering. Interested students should contact the Undergraduate Assistant for Linguistics for further information.

Independent study and research in an area of interest to the student. Students must obtain consent from a supervising instructor before registering. Interested students should contact the Undergraduate Assistant for Linguistics for further information.

Independent study and research in an area of interest to the student. Students must obtain consent from a supervising instructor before registering. Interested students should contact the Program Supervisor for Linguistics.

A reading and research independent study course on a topic of interest to the student. Students must obtain consent from a supervising instructor before registering. Interested students should contact the Undergraduate Assistant for Linguistics for further information.

Practical application of phonetic theory with special emphasis on instrumental and experimental techniques.

This course is concerned with modern sociolinguistic theory as well as methods of conducting sociolinguistic research including data collection and the analysis of sociolinguistic data. The theoretical approaches learned include discourse analysis, language variation, conversation analysis, and variationist sociolinguistics.

This course focuses on research methodologies (interviews, corpus collection, surveys, ethnography, etc.). Students conduct individual research studies in real-life contexts.

Practice in language analysis based on elicited data from second language learners and foreign speakers. Emphasis is put on procedures and techniques of data collection, as well as theoretical implications arising from data analysis.

A selection from the following topics: the number sense (neuroscience of numbers); numerical notation in different cultures; what is a number; Zeno’s paradox; divisibility, the fascination of prime numbers; prime numbers and encryption; perspective in art and geometry; Kepler and platonic solids; golden mean, Fibonacci sequence; elementary probability.

A conceptual and rigorous approach to introductory linear algebra that focuses on mathematical proofs, the logical development of fundamental structures, and essential computational techniques. This course covers complex numbers, vectors in Euclidean n-space, systems of linear equations, matrices and matrix algebra, Gaussian reduction, structure theorems for solutions of linear systems, dependence and independence, rank equation, linear transformations of Euclidean n-space, determinants, Cramer's rule, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, characteristic polynomial, and diagonalization.

Systems of linear equations, matrices, Gaussian elimination; basis, dimension; dot products; geometry to Rn; linear transformations; determinants, Cramer's rule; eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalization.

A course in differential calculus for the life sciences. Algebraic and transcendental functions; semi-log and log-log plots; limits of sequences and functions, continuity; extreme value and intermediate value theorems; approximation of discontinuous functions by continuous ones; derivatives; differentials; approximation and local linearity; applications of derivatives; antiderivatives and indefinite integrals.

An introduction to the basic techniques of Calculus. Elementary functions: rational, trigonometric, root, exponential and logarithmic functions and their graphs. Basic calculus: limits, continuity, derivatives, derivatives of higher order, analysis of graphs, use of derivatives; integrals and their applications.

A conceptual introduction to Differential Calculus of algebraic and transcendental functions of one variable; focus on logical reasoning and fundamental notions; first introduction into a rigorous mathematical theory with applications. Course covers: real numbers, set operations, supremum, infimum, limits, continuity, Intermediate Value Theorem, derivative, differentiability, related rates, Fermat's, Extreme Value, Rolle's and Mean Value Theorems, curve sketching, optimization, and antiderivatives.

This is a calculus course designed primarily for students in management. The main concepts of calculus of one and several variables are studied with interpretations and applications to business and economics. Systems of linear equations and matrices are covered with applications in business.

A calculus course emphasizing examples and applications in the biological and environmental sciences. Discrete probability; basic statistics: hypothesis testing, distribution analysis. Basic calculus: extrema, growth rates, diffusion rates; techniques of integration; differential equations; population dynamics; vectors and matrices in 2 and 3 dimensions; genetics applications.

This course is intended to prepare students for the physical sciences. Topics to be covered include: techniques of integration, Newton's method, approximation of functions by Taylor polynomials, numerical methods of integration, complex numbers, sequences, series, Taylor series, differential equations.

A rigorous introduction to Integral Calculus of one variable and infinite series; strong emphasis on combining theory and applications; further developing of tools for mathematical analysis. Riemann Sum, definite integral, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, techniques of integration, improper integrals, numerical integration, sequences and series, absolute and conditional convergence of series, convergence tests for series, Taylor polynomials and series, power series and applications.

Introduction to discrete mathematics: Elementary combinatorics; discrete probability including conditional probability and independence; graph theory including trees, planar graphs, searches and traversals, colouring. The course emphasizes topics of relevance to computer science, and exercises problem-solving skills and proof techniques such as well ordering, induction, contradiction, and counterexample.
Same as CSCA67H3

Fields, vector spaces over a field, linear transformations; inner product spaces, coordinatization and change of basis; diagonalizability, orthogonal transformations, invariant subspaces, Cayley-Hamilton theorem; hermitian inner product, normal, self-adjoint and unitary operations. Some applications such as the method of least squares and introduction to coding theory.

Partial derivatives, gradient, tangent plane, Jacobian matrix and chain rule, Taylor series; extremal problems, extremal problems with constraints and Lagrange multipliers, multiple integrals, spherical and cylindrical coordinates, law of transformation of variables.

Fourier series. Vector fields in Rn, Divergence and curl, curves, parametric representation of curves, path and line integrals, surfaces, parametric representations of surfaces, surface integrals. Green's, Gauss', and Stokes' theorems will also be covered. An introduction to differential forms, total derivative.

Generalities of sets and functions, countability. Topology and analysis on the real line: sequences, compactness, completeness, continuity, uniform continuity. Topics from topology and analysis in metric and Euclidean spaces. Sequences and series of functions, uniform convergence.

Ordinary differential equations of the first and second order, existence and uniqueness; solutions by series and integrals; linear systems of first order; non-linear equations; difference equations.

Linear programming, simplex algorithm, duality theory, interior point method; quadratic and convex optimization, stochastic programming; applications to portfolio optimization and operations research.

Congruences and fields. Permutations and permutation groups. Linear groups. Abstract groups, homomorphisms, subgroups. Symmetry groups of regular polygons and Platonic solids, wallpaper groups. Group actions, class formula. Cosets, Lagrange's theorem. Normal subgroups, quotient groups. Emphasis on examples and calculations.

Predicate calculus. Relationship between truth and provability; Gödel's completeness theorem. First order arithmetic as an example of a first-order system. Gödel's incompleteness theorem; outline of its proof. Introduction to recursive functions.

Elementary topics in number theory; arithmetic functions; polynomials over the residue classes modulo m, characters on the residue classes modulo m; quadratic reciprocity law, representation of numbers as sums of squares.

Fundamentals of set theory, topological spaces and continuous functions, connectedness, compactness, countability, separatability, metric spaces and normed spaces, function spaces, completeness, homotopy.