A study of laws and legal institutions from an economic perspective. It includes the development of a positive theory of the law and suggests that laws frequently evolve so as to maximize economic efficiency. The efficiency of various legal principles is also examined. Topics covered are drawn from: externalities, property rights, contracts, torts, product liability and consumer protection, and procedure.

This course provides a comprehensive study of selected Canadian public policies from an economic point of view. Topics may include environmental policy, competition policy, inflation and monetary policy, trade policy and others. We will study Canadian institutions, decision-making mechanisms, implementation procedures, policy rationales, and related issues.

This course examines the economics of the internal organization of the firm. Emphasis will be on economic relationships between various parties involved in running a business: managers, shareholders, workers, banks, and government.
Topics include the role of organizations in market economies, contractual theory, risk sharing, property rights, corporate financial structure and vertical integration.

This course covers the economics of the firm in a market environment. The aim is to study business behaviour and market performance as influenced by concentration, entry barriers, product differentiation, diversification, research and development and international trade. There will be some use of calculus in this course.

This course is intended to apply concepts of analytic management and data science to the sports world. Emphasis on model building and application of models studied previously, including economics and econometrics, is intended to deepen the students’ ability to apply these skills in other areas as well. The course will address papers at the research frontier, since those papers are an opportunity to learn about the latest thinking. The papers will both be interested in sports intrinsically, and interested in sports as a way to assess other theories that are a part of business education.

Applications of the tools of microeconomics to various labour market issues. The topics covered will include: labour supply; labour demand; equilibrium in competitive and non-competitive markets; non-market approaches to the labour market; unemployment. Policy applications will include: income maintenance programs; minimum wages; and unemployment.

This course studies the economic aspects of how individuals and firms make decisions: about education and on-the-job training. Economics and the business world consider education and training as investments. In this class, students will learn how to model these investments, and how to create good policies to encourage individuals and firms to make wise investment decisions.

This course focuses on the various methods that firms and managers use to pay, recruit and dismiss employees. Topics covered may include: training decisions, deferred compensation, variable pay, promotion theory, incentives for teams and outsourcing.

Macroeconomic theories of the balance of payments and the exchange rate in a small open economy. Recent theories of exchange-rate determination in a world of floating exchange rates. The international monetary system: fixed "versus" flexible exchange rates, international capital movements, and their implications for monetary policy.

An outline of the theories of international trade that explain why countries trade with each other, and the welfare implications of this trade, as well as empirical tests of these theories. The determination and effects of trade policy instruments (tariffs, quotas, non-tariff barriers) and current policy issues are also discussed.

This course provides an Economic framework to understand issues around the environment and climate change. The economic toolkit to understand these issues includes externalities, tradeoffs, cost-benefit analysis, marginal analysis, and dynamic accounting. The course will cover optimal policy approaches to pollution, carbon emissions, and resource extraction. These include carbon taxes, subsidies, cap-and-trade systems, bans, and quotas. Both theoretical and empirical approaches in Economics will be discussed.

There will be a focus on basic economic theory underlying financial intermediation and its importance to growth in the overall economy. The interaction between domestic and global financial markets, the private sector, and government will be considered.

This course introduces students to the theoretical underpinnings of financial economics. Topics covered include: intertemporal choice, expected utility, the CAPM, Arbitrage Pricing, State Prices (Arrow-Debreu security), market efficiency, the term structure of interest rates, and option pricing models. Key empirical tests are also reviewed.

An introduction to the processes of growth and development in less developed countries and regions. Topics include economic growth, income distribution and inequality, poverty, health, education, population growth, rural and urban issues, and risk in a low-income environment.

This course will use the tools of economics to understand international aspects of economic development policy. Development policy will focus on understanding the engagement of developing countries in the global economy, including the benefits and challenges of that engagement. Topics to be discussed will include globalization and inequality, foreign aid, multinational corporations, foreign direct investment, productivity, regional economic integration, and the environment.

This course provides an overview of what governments can do to benefit society, as suggested by economic theory and empirical research. It surveys what governments actually do, especially Canadian governments. Efficient methods of taxation and methods of controlling government are also briefly covered.
Note: This course may be applied to the C-level course requirements of the Minor Program in Economics for Management Studies. It may not, however, be used to meet the requirements of any program that leads to a B.B.A. or of the Major Program in Economics for Management Studies.

The course builds on MGEB01H3 or MGEB02H3 by exposing students to the economics of market structure and pricing. How and why certain market structures, such as monopoly, oligopoly, perfect competition, etc., arise. Attention will also be given to how market structure, firm size and performance and pricing relate. Role of government will be discussed.
Note: This course may be applied to the C-level course requirements of the Minor Program in Economics for Management Studies. It may not, however, be used to meet the requirements of any program that leads to a B.B.A. or of the Major Program in Economics for Management Studies.

This course provides general understanding on issues related to open economy and studies theories in international trade and international finance. Topics include why countries trade, implications of various trade policies, theories of exchange rate determination, policy implications of different exchange rate regimes and other related topics.
Note: This course may be applied to the C-level course requirements of the Minor Program in Economics for Management Studies. It may not, however, be used to meet the requirements of any program that leads to a B.B.A. or of the Major Program in Economics for Management Studies.

An upper-level extension of the ideas studied in MGEC02H3. The course offers a more sophisticated treatment of such topics as equilibrium, welfare economics, risk and uncertainty, strategic and repeated interactions, agency problems, and screening and signalling problems. Enrolment is limited to students registered in programs requiring this course.

This course will review recent developments in macroeconomics, including new classical and new Keynesian theories of inflation, unemployment and business cycles.
Enrolment is limited to students registered in programs requiring this course.

This is an advanced course building on MGEC11H3. Students will master regression theory, hypothesis and diagnostic tests, and assessment of econometric results. Treatment of special statistical problems will be discussed. Intensive computer-based assignments will provide experience in estimating and interpreting regressions, preparing students for MGED50H3. Enrolment is limited to students registered in programs requiring this course.

This course covers more advanced special topics an area of economics. That is, the topics covered will be more advanced than those covered by a C-level special topics course and thus have at least one specified C-level course as a listed prerequisite. The specific topics will vary from year to year. This course will provide students with an opportunity to explore a range of topics through the application of different economic methodologies and analyses. It will highlight current faculty research expertise and provide an opportunity to present material not covered in our existing course offerings in greater detail.

This course covers more advanced special topics an area of economics. That is, the topics covered will be more advanced than those covered by a C-level special topics course and thus have at least one specified C-level course as a listed prerequisite. The specific topics will vary from year to year. This course will provide students with an opportunity to explore a range of topics through the application of different economic methodologies and analyses. It will highlight current faculty research expertise and provide an opportunity to present material not covered in our existing course offerings in greater detail.

Explores the issue of outsourcing, and broadly defines which activities should a firm do "in-house" and which should it take outside? Using a combination of cases and economic analysis, it develops a framework for determining the "best" firm organization.

This course introduces to students the techniques used by economists to define research problems and to do research. Students will choose a research problem, write a paper on their topic and present their ongoing work to the class.

This course studies the causes, consequences and policy implications of recent financial crises. It studies key theoretical concepts of international finance such as exchange-rate regimes, currency boards, common currency, banking and currency crises. The course will describe and analyze several major episodes of financial crises, such as East Asia, Mexico and Russia in the 1990s, Argentina in the early 2000s, the U.S. and Greece in the late 2000s, and others in recent years.

Financial econometrics applies statistical techniques to analyze the financial data in order to solve problems in Finance. In doing so, this course will focus on four major topics: Forecasting returns, Modeling Univariate and Multivariate Volatility, High Frequency and market microstructure, Simulation Methods and the application to risk management.

These courses will normally be made available only to upper-level students whose interests are not covered by other courses and whose performance in Economics courses has been well above average. Not all faculty will be available for these courses in any single session.
Note: Students must obtain consent from the Economic, Academic Director, the supervising instructor and the Department of Management before registering for this course.

These courses will normally be made available only to upper-level students whose interests are not covered by other courses and whose performance in Economics courses has been well above average. Not all faculty will be available for these courses in any single session.
Note: Students must obtain consent from the Economic, Academic Director, the supervising instructor and the Department of Management before registering for this course.

An introduction to basic concepts and analytical tools in financial management. Building on the fundamental concept of time value of money, the course will examine stock and bond valuations and capital budgeting under certainty. Also covered are risk-return trade-off, financial planning and forecasting, and long-term financing decisions.